1. How did the Enlightenment influence the Age of Revolutions?
In the Age of Revolutions Enlightenment thinkers like John Locke, Baron Montesquieu, and Thomas Hobbes influenced revolutions in the United States of America wanting the separation of powers. Brazil decided to have the right to revolt against the government, Argentina, Uruguay, and Paraguay decided to have a limited monarchy. In United States the founding fathers studied the Enlightenment philosophers, (John Locke, Baron Montesquieu, and Thomas Hobbes) after a lot of wars and decided to follow their speculations and in the Declaration of Independence stated that Montesquieu’s idea about the belief of the separation of powers as Locke’s idea of right to revolution from the government to the people. Before the Brazilian Revolution, there was an abuse from the Portuguese government towards the Brazilian government after the royal family migrated to Brazil and changed the way of life in a bad way causing anger within the colony. Adding another important revolution that was inspired was the Río de la Plata revolution which happened in Argentina, Uruguay, and Paraguay. José de San Martín and Simón Bolivar both traveled to Europe where they gained knowledge of Hobbes’ idea of an absolute monarchy and figured that it was the worst possible way of government and witnessed Napoleon’s idea of establishing his brother, Joseph as a sign of weakness and a great opportunity to gain independence from Britain. In conclusion, what the Enlightenment thinkers had to do was crucial during the Age of Revolution because it influenced many nations to have revolutions against each other’s.
2. How did the French Revolution cause other revolutions?
From 1789-1830, the French Revolution influenced the revolutions in Brazil because of the invasion in Portugal. Haiti influenced the Declaration of Rights of Men, and Argentina, Uruguay, and Paraguay with Napoleon’s incorporation of his brother, Joseph in charge of Spain. Napoleon’s invasion in Portugal caused the royal family to migrate to Brazil causing much indifference between the people and their way of government. The royal family had harsh taxes and established different rules causing anger in the colony. Then, everything was settled in Portugal, the royal family left Brazil leaving Don Pedro in charge. Later Don Pedro’s govern, the royal family asked him to return to Portugal, and Don Pedro denied and his wife, Maria Leopoldina inspired him: "Do not oppress the poor. Be charitable. Do not complain about what God has given you, but improve your habits. We must strive earnestly to be good.” In 1791, when the Declaration of Rights and Men was established in France, Toussaint L’Overture a black slave stood up for the rest of the slaves in Haiti and led a revolution against France, and demanded the incorporation of the Declaration of Rights Men to be placed in Haiti, and their independence. During the Río de la Plata revolution, Napoleon conquered Spain and placed his brother, Joseph as the ruler of Argentina, Uruguay, and Paraguay, and José de San Martín and Simón Bolivar, because they saw this as a sign of weakness from the Spanish. In conclusion, the French Revolution inspired the revolts in Brazil, Haiti, and Río de la Plata with the influence of the invasions in Portugal and Spain including the Declaration of Rights and Men.
3. What role did inequality play in the Age of Revolutions?
During the Age of Revolution, inequality was a huge factor in the American Revolution when the white people had more power during the French Revolution and the division of privileges, and the Mexican Revolution with the Encomienda system. When the American Revolution was coming to a start, the white colonists who were in charge of them abused many Native American and African women. Social inequality was dominant in France during the French Revolution, once the Ancien Regime was establish. This Regime set a monarchy, a clergy, and an aristocracy. Also, privileges were determined by birth rather than from talent which prevented the peasants to ascend the social ladder to be able to thrive. In Mexico, encomienda systems where established and granted by the Spanish crown to those of wealth and higher social status. This allowed them to have the right to force the natives into very harsh labor, basically treating them as slaves. It is very clear that inequality played an extensive role during the Age of Revolution. The way minorities were treated eventually led to the revolutions in United States, Mexico, and France.
4. Why did these revolutions take place, and why did so many of them take place during this period?
In 1680-1820 colonies and colonial powers started to revolt against their government or colonial power. The majority of these revolts happened because of the influence from the Enlightenment thinkers, other revolutions happening at the same time, and inequality. John Locke, Thomas Hobbes, and Baron Montesquieu were the most influential thinkers of all time. Their speculations gave people faith and strength to revolt against the nations in hopes of gaining their independence. Napoleon Bonaparte and his armies were trying to conquer parts of the world, which influenced countries fighting in the Río de la Plata Revolution. Finally, inequality an important factor during this time, due to the amount of political, economic, and social instability in the United States, and Mexico, people gained the confidence in revolting and gaining their freedom. Many causes led to the Age of Revolutions, all of them giving countries the will and the strength to have their independence.
In the Age of Revolutions Enlightenment thinkers like John Locke, Baron Montesquieu, and Thomas Hobbes influenced revolutions in the United States of America wanting the separation of powers. Brazil decided to have the right to revolt against the government, Argentina, Uruguay, and Paraguay decided to have a limited monarchy. In United States the founding fathers studied the Enlightenment philosophers, (John Locke, Baron Montesquieu, and Thomas Hobbes) after a lot of wars and decided to follow their speculations and in the Declaration of Independence stated that Montesquieu’s idea about the belief of the separation of powers as Locke’s idea of right to revolution from the government to the people. Before the Brazilian Revolution, there was an abuse from the Portuguese government towards the Brazilian government after the royal family migrated to Brazil and changed the way of life in a bad way causing anger within the colony. Adding another important revolution that was inspired was the Río de la Plata revolution which happened in Argentina, Uruguay, and Paraguay. José de San Martín and Simón Bolivar both traveled to Europe where they gained knowledge of Hobbes’ idea of an absolute monarchy and figured that it was the worst possible way of government and witnessed Napoleon’s idea of establishing his brother, Joseph as a sign of weakness and a great opportunity to gain independence from Britain. In conclusion, what the Enlightenment thinkers had to do was crucial during the Age of Revolution because it influenced many nations to have revolutions against each other’s.
2. How did the French Revolution cause other revolutions?
From 1789-1830, the French Revolution influenced the revolutions in Brazil because of the invasion in Portugal. Haiti influenced the Declaration of Rights of Men, and Argentina, Uruguay, and Paraguay with Napoleon’s incorporation of his brother, Joseph in charge of Spain. Napoleon’s invasion in Portugal caused the royal family to migrate to Brazil causing much indifference between the people and their way of government. The royal family had harsh taxes and established different rules causing anger in the colony. Then, everything was settled in Portugal, the royal family left Brazil leaving Don Pedro in charge. Later Don Pedro’s govern, the royal family asked him to return to Portugal, and Don Pedro denied and his wife, Maria Leopoldina inspired him: "Do not oppress the poor. Be charitable. Do not complain about what God has given you, but improve your habits. We must strive earnestly to be good.” In 1791, when the Declaration of Rights and Men was established in France, Toussaint L’Overture a black slave stood up for the rest of the slaves in Haiti and led a revolution against France, and demanded the incorporation of the Declaration of Rights Men to be placed in Haiti, and their independence. During the Río de la Plata revolution, Napoleon conquered Spain and placed his brother, Joseph as the ruler of Argentina, Uruguay, and Paraguay, and José de San Martín and Simón Bolivar, because they saw this as a sign of weakness from the Spanish. In conclusion, the French Revolution inspired the revolts in Brazil, Haiti, and Río de la Plata with the influence of the invasions in Portugal and Spain including the Declaration of Rights and Men.
3. What role did inequality play in the Age of Revolutions?
During the Age of Revolution, inequality was a huge factor in the American Revolution when the white people had more power during the French Revolution and the division of privileges, and the Mexican Revolution with the Encomienda system. When the American Revolution was coming to a start, the white colonists who were in charge of them abused many Native American and African women. Social inequality was dominant in France during the French Revolution, once the Ancien Regime was establish. This Regime set a monarchy, a clergy, and an aristocracy. Also, privileges were determined by birth rather than from talent which prevented the peasants to ascend the social ladder to be able to thrive. In Mexico, encomienda systems where established and granted by the Spanish crown to those of wealth and higher social status. This allowed them to have the right to force the natives into very harsh labor, basically treating them as slaves. It is very clear that inequality played an extensive role during the Age of Revolution. The way minorities were treated eventually led to the revolutions in United States, Mexico, and France.
4. Why did these revolutions take place, and why did so many of them take place during this period?
In 1680-1820 colonies and colonial powers started to revolt against their government or colonial power. The majority of these revolts happened because of the influence from the Enlightenment thinkers, other revolutions happening at the same time, and inequality. John Locke, Thomas Hobbes, and Baron Montesquieu were the most influential thinkers of all time. Their speculations gave people faith and strength to revolt against the nations in hopes of gaining their independence. Napoleon Bonaparte and his armies were trying to conquer parts of the world, which influenced countries fighting in the Río de la Plata Revolution. Finally, inequality an important factor during this time, due to the amount of political, economic, and social instability in the United States, and Mexico, people gained the confidence in revolting and gaining their freedom. Many causes led to the Age of Revolutions, all of them giving countries the will and the strength to have their independence.